Using a TENS Unit for Pain Management During Labor
TENS units have long been utilized in the physical therapy world as a resource for pain management. Let’s discuss how this can be a helpful tool for non-pharmacological pain management during the labor process!
TENS stands for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. It is often a small portable unit that comes with 2-4 electrode pads and corresponding channels. The pads are placed on the body to surround that area that is painful. You turn on the machine and turn up the intensity so that you feel a strong buzzing or tingling sensation.
How does this unit help control pain?
Justification for using a TENS unit likely goes along with what is call the Gate Control Theory of Pain. Essentially, we have ascending tracts up the spinal cord that send signals of pain, temperature, vibration, and more to the brain to allow it to interpret. The Gate Control Theory suggests that when pain is present, if another non-painful stimulus is applied (in this case vibration/tingling), this will take over and the brain does not perceive the pain stimulus as intensely.
How can it be used in labor?
This is a very safe modality to use the entirety of your labor and a great option for non-pharmacological pain relief. You can wear it as long as you want and in all different positions. You would apply the pads along the back, surrounding the area that is painful. You can turn the intensity up during contractions to help manage the discomfort, and turn it back down in between contractions. The intensity should be strong but not painful.
This is an option to consider when:
Your goal is to not use any anesthesia or pharmacological pain management during labor
You experience intense back labor
You want to prolong the use of an epidural as long as possible
Some considerations:
It is something that CANNOT be used in water, so if you plan to use a shower or tub, you need to remove prior to getting wet.
It is a good idea to pack extra electrode pads and batteries just in case.
It is not complicated to use, just follow the instructions that come with the unit and practice prior to going into labor so you know what it feels like!
Where can I find one?
You can usually find TENS units at your local pharmacy or I’ll link one here on Amazon. You don’t need to get anything fancy or expensive.
